The 3D Petroleum systems modeling and exploration study of the Deep and Ultra-Deep Water Central Campos Basin comprise large areas associated with the Eastern areas of the giant Roncador oil field. Today, Campos Basin is part of a province considered to be one of the most prolific frontier areas to find giant oil fields.
IPEX, together with Stratageo and IES, developed a rich and broad geological model based on 7,000km of 2D seismic lines and geochemical data (oil and rock samples) from IPEXdatabase and geological data from 89 exploratory wells. The data involve most of the areas around the Roncador and Marlin oil fields. From the seismic interpretation, nine depth converted horizons were obtained that have the main source rocks and reservoirs represented. These data were integrated using the 3D deterministic program, PETROMOD, a compositional simulator widely recognized as the best modeling and integration tool for petroleum exploration.
The study includes geochemistry analyses of 11 petroleum samples (oils and condensates), and from 48 wells in which rock analyses were available. The integrated results indicate two petroleum systems in the Northern Campos Basin: Lagoa Feia-Carapebus system (!), Macaé/ Ubatuba-Carapebus System (!). The modeling shows several leads associated with the pre-salt and carbonates reservoirs of the Lagoa Feia and Macaé Formation.
Biodegradation is an issue in the Campos Basin. Geochemical analyses of oils determined variations of their API gravity, with depth and saturate contents across the area. Owing to generalized oil biodegradation in the basin, oil mixing is the main factor determining their physical-chemical properties. In this sense, the integration of oils and rock geochemical analyses with basin modeling was important to determine the oil and source rock origin, quality, thermal evolution and oil mixture.
Petroleum system modeling was used to assess the interplay between source, reservoirs, seals and trap geometries. The modeling results provide plentiful information concerning the temperature evolution of the source rocks and reservoirs, excess pressure, reservoir filling history, hydrocarbon types and location of the accumulations. The risk assessment was obtained by running many scenarios of the same primary geological model while imposing slight variations in the characteristics of the elements of the petroleum systems, such as the charge, heat flow and sealing capacities. This is the most comprehensive study commercially available for the Campos Basin.
Petroleum System Analysis & Exploration Risk Assessment
3D Petroleum Systems Modeling and Exploration Risk Assessment of the Shallow Water of Northern Espírito Santo Basin, including the Peroá and Cangoá fields.
Northern Espírito Santo
The 3D Petroleum systems modeling and exploration study covers 2,753 km2 of the Espírito Santo Basin, in water depths ranging from 60 to 1,100 meters. This area has large scale unique geological features that include the Rio Doce River, the associated large-scale delta system and the Abrolhos volcanism. These features played important role in the evolution of the petroleum system that makes it part of one of the most prospective petroliferous basins in Brazil.
The geophysical model is based on 1,000 km2 of CGGVeritas (Fragata) 3D seismic data complemented by additional 25 seismic public 2D lines (1,056 Km) of ANP. The study is also based on 14 exploratory wells, geochemical data of 10 oils and source rock samples, mostly located around the Fragata, Peroá and Cangoá fields. Several leads in the post-rift sequence were mapped in the blocks. These data were integrated and processed by a 3D petroleum System simulator using 3D PETROMOD v 10, a compositional simulator widely recognized as the best modeling tool for petroleum exploration.
IPEX-Petroleum, together with IES, Stratageo and CGGVeritas, developed a fully comprehensive 3D quantitative Petroleum System modeling and exploration risk assessment of Shallow Water of Northern Espírito Santo Basin.
The integration of the HRGT results of oils, condensates and gases suggests the presence of three main well-recognized petroleum systems in the Espírito Santo Basin: one sourced from the rift sequences, another from an Albian-Cenomanian / Turonian sequence and the third probably from Tertiary deltaic rocks. Diamondoid data show how oils in the gas-condensate fields are mixtures of highly thermally cracked oils from deep sources with black oils sourced by shallower marine sections.
This study has plenty of information to provide quantitative predictions concerning oil / gas generation, oil/gas migration, filling history, temperature and hydrocarbon quality in each of the possible leads mapped in the study area.
Petroleum System Analysis & Exploration Risk Assessment
Quantitative Petroleum System Analysis of the Cabo Frio Area, Southern Campos Basin
Cabo Frio Area - Southern Campos
This study comprises a 3D Petroleum System evaluation on 24,000 km2 in the Cabo Frio area, situated in the southwestern part of the Campos Basin, which encompasses some important oil fields (e.g., Peregrino). The studied area is part of the Greater Campos Basin, considered to be one of the most prolific petroleum provinces in the world.
This study comprises a 3D Petroleum System evaluation on 24,000 km2 in the Cabo Frio area, situated in the southwestern part of the Campos Basin, which encompasses some important oil fields (e.g., Peregrino). The studied area is part of the Greater Campos Basin, considered to be one of the most prolific petroleum provinces in the world.
IPEX, together with IES and PGT, developed a fully comprehensive 3D geological model based on 13,000 km of public 2D seismic lines, nine depth converted seismic horizons and geological well data. The Cabo Frio area is characterized by a complex petroleum system due to an intricate geology as, for example, the intense magmatism that extended from Maastrichtian to Eocene times and was mostly responsible for the chaotic seismofacies in the Lower Tertiary and Upper Cretaceous sequences.
IPEX-Petroleum, with support of IES PETROMOD software, developed a complete 3D geological model of the area. The digital model was processed with IES 3D petroleum System software, PETROMOD, a compositional simulator widely recognized as the best modeling and integration tool for petroleum exploration. The modeling results were calibrated with high-resolution geochemical data from 25 petroleum samples (oils and condensates), and from rock samples acquired from 23 public (ANP) exploratory wells. Oil and rock geochemical analyses were used to determine the oil and source rock origin, thermal evolution, source rock quality, degree of biodegradation and oil mixture.
This is a comprehensive 3D quantitative Petroleum System modeling and exploration risk assessment of Cabo Frio area. The modeling results contain abundant quantitative predictions concerning petroleum generation, reservoir filling time, and oil composition in each of the possible leads mapped in the study area.
Petroleum System Analysis & Exploration Risk Assessment
3D Petroleum Systems Modeling and Exploration Risk Assessment of the Central Santos Basin
Central Santos
This study is a 3D petroleum system analysis of the Central Santos area that encompasses three different structural domains: shallow water (salt escape zone), platform (salt diapirs +Albian gap) and deep water (the salt wall zone). These structural domains represent different petroleum habitats and their characteristics depend on the interplay between the petroleum system elements and on several aspects of the salt evolution. An important aspect is under the salt wall domain - the eastern part of the deep water province - which this study confirms to be one of the most prolific frontier areas in the world.
IPEX, together with IES, built a complete 3D geological framework based on 2D seismic data and exploratory wells. The seismic interpretation and subsequent depth conversion generated nine depth maps ranging from Barremian to the sea bed. The layer stack was further subdivided for better facies representation of the reservoirs, source rocks, carrier beds and seals. Four source rock intervals were represented in the model (Talc-Stevensite, Coquinas, Albian and Cenomanian-Turonian) as well as the main reservoirs (e.g., Albian carbonatic reservoirs and Cenomanian to Maastrichtian turbidites).
All geological and geochemical data from IPEX database were integrated using 3D PETROMOD software vs 10, a compositional simulator widely recognized as the best worldwide simulator and integration tool for petroleum exploration.
This study is a fully comprehensive 3D quantitative Petroleum System modeling and exploration risk assessment that provides plenty quantitative predictions concerning oil and gas generation, oil charge, charge time, temperature, and oil quality in each of the possible leads, ranging from shallow to deep waters.
Variations in hydrocarbon type and quality within the evaluated petroleum systems occur mainly not as a result of changes in source character, but rather due to large differences in thermal maturities and hydrocarbon mixing. The cracking measurements, based on diamondoids and biological markers, indicate how much the marine oils from the Central part of the basin are mixed with highly cracked oil and gas of lacustrine origin.
Petroleum System Assessment of Brazilian Offshore Basins
An Exclusive Summary
The Petroleum System Summary of the Brazilian offshore Basins focuses on the hydrocarbon source potential and exploration risk assessment of all Brazilian offshore basins which bear hydrocarbon potential. This study is the first to combine the elements and processes of the petroleum system approach along with the seismic, high resolution geochemistry, 2D and 3D modeling results produced by IPEX and Stratageo using IES PETROMOD software. Also, it is the most complete study ever done addressing not only source rock kitchen, oil families, reservoir age, but also the generation, migration and accumulation of oil and gas, based on over 200 years of combined experience and knowledge of the Brazilian Offshore Basins.
IPEX-Petroleum is proud to offer this exciting new extensive study to its clients. This study incorporates more than 2000 digital copies of figures including maps, seismic images, schematic sections, 2D and 3D modeling results, logs, cross plots and much, much more. More than 500 oils and 480 rock wells were used in the study to cover 14 offshore basins which are the most prolific frontier of exploration in Brazil. Most important: Clients will be able to use the interpretation and assessment from the Brazilian Petroleum System experts who have been working their entire life in these areas.
Petroleum System Analysis & Exploration Risk Assessment
3D Petroleum Systems Modeling Exploration Risk Assessment of the Southern Espírito Santo Basin
Southern Espírito Santo
The 3D Petroleum systems modeling and exploration study of the most prospective petroliferous Basins in Brazil comprises large areas of deep water from the Greater Campos Basin considered to be one the most prolific provinces in the world.
IPEX, together with IES, Stratageo, and CGG Veritas, developed a fully comprehensive 3D quantitative Petroleum System modeling and exploration risk assessment of Southern Espírito Santo Basin providing quantitative predictions concerning oil and gas generation, oil charge, charge time, and oil quality in each of the possible leads mapped in the study area.
The geologic and geochemical models are based on 10,000 Km2 of CGG Veritas 3D seismic cube, about 20 exploratory wells, involving most of the areas around the oil fields of Golfinho and 1-ESS-130 well. Also, the modeling shows several leads associated with the pre-salt and carbonates reservoirs of the Regência Formation.
The modeling is fully calibrated with geochemical analyses from 15 oils and source rock from 25 wells available in the studied area. This data was integrated in 8,000km2 of 3D petroleum System modeling using PETROMOD software, a compositional simulator widely recognized as the best integration tool for petroleum exploration in the world.
The risk assessment, with around 10 leads mapped, was obtained by running many versions of the same primary geological model while imposing slight variations in the characteristics of the elements of the petroleum systems, such as the charge, reservoir qualities, sealing capacities, pressure, oil quality, etc.
The study is the most complete petroleum systems modeling ever performed in the Southern Espírito Santo Basin
Petroleum System Analysis & Exploration Risk Assessment
3D Petroleum Systems Modeling Exploration Risk Assessment of the Northern Santos Basin
Northern Santos
The 3D Petroleum systems modeling and exploration study of the most prospective petroliferous Basins in Brazil comprises large areas of deep water from the Greater Campos Basin considered to be one the most prolific provinces in the world.
IPEX, together with IES, Stratageo, Gaia and PGT, developed a fully comprehensive 3D quantitative Petroleum System modeling and exploration risk assessment of the Northern Santos Basin providing quantitative predictions concerning oil and gas generation, oil charge, charge time, and oil quality in each of the possible leads mapped in the study area.
The geologic and geochemical models are based on 13,000 Km of Gaia 2D seismic data, about 60 exploratory wells, involving most of the areas around the oil fields of BSS-551, BSS-69, BSS75, Mexilhão, BM-S-400 and BM-S-500 Blocks. Also, the modeling shows some leads associated with the Pre-salt discoveries in the Block BMS-11.
The modeling is fully calibrated with geochemical analyses from 21 oils and source rock from 62 wells available in the studied area. This data was integrated in 3D geologic models dynamically modeled using PETROMOD software, a compositional simulator widely recognized as the best integration tool for petroleum exploration in the world.
The risk assessment, in the main leads mapped, was obtained by running many versions of the same primary geological model while imposing slight variations in the characteristics of the elements of the petroleum systems, such as the charge, reservoir qualities, sealing capacities, pressure, oil quality, etc.
The study is the most complete petroleum systems modeling ever performed in the Santos Basin.
Petroleum System Analysis & Exploration Risk Assessment
3D Petroleum Systems Modeling Exploration Risk Assessment of the Northern Campos Basin
Northern Campos
The 3D Petroleum systems modeling and exploration study of the most prospective petroliferous Basins in Brazil comprises large areas of deep water from the Greater Campos Basin considered to be one the most prolific provinces in the world.
IPEX, together with IES, Stratageo, Gaia and PGT, developed a fully comprehensive 3D quantitative Petroleum System modeling and exploration risk assessment of the Northern Campos Basin providing quantitative predictions concerning oil and gas generation, oil charge, charge time, and oil quality in each of the possible leads mapped in the study area.
The geologic and geochemical models are based on 7,000 Km of Gaia 2D seismic cube, about 100 exploratory wells, involving most of the areas around the oil fields of Roncador, Frade, Jubarte, Cachalote, and 1-ESS-130 well. Also, the modeling shows several leads associated with the pre-salt and carbonates reservoir of the Macaé Formation.
The modeling is fully calibrated with geochemical analyses from 70 oils and source rock from 100 wells available in the studied area. These data were integrated in a 13,000km2 of 3D petroleum System modeling using PETROMOD software, a compositional simulator widely recognized as the best integration tool for petroleum exploration in the world.
The risk assessment, with 12 leads mapped, was obtained by running many versions of the same primary geological model, while imposing slight variations in the characteristics of the elements of the petroleum systems, such as the charge, reservoir qualities, sealing capacities, pressure, oil quality, etc.
The study is the most complete petroleum systems modeling ever performed in the Campos Basin.
Kinetics Characteristics of Petroleum Formation in the Santos, Campos and Espírito Santo Basins
Temperature of Petroleum Formation from Kinetic Properties of Oils from Santos, Campos and Espírito Santo Basins fields.
Kinetics of hydrocarbon generation from oil asphaltenes can be used to determine the temperature conditions of the respective source rock at the time of expulsion of the sampled oil. Oil asphaltenes have similar structure compared to the parent kerogen, as demonstrated by pyrolysis experiments. It is an impressive fact that a fraction existing in reservoired oils represents the same macromolecular fraction in sedimentary bitumen.
Samples of the actual source rocks are either scarce or not adequate (immature) for kinetic analyses, or not representative of the variability of the source rock units. Additionally, asphaltene fractions may closely reveal the specific thermal history and chemical properties of oil. The analysis of a suite of oils reflects regional organofacies and thermal variations within single sources across most of the kitchen pod.
Eleven oil samples, from eleven different wells, were selected from Santos, Campos and Espírito Santo basins for bulk kinetic based on their regional importance, representative of the most important petroleum systems, source rock environments, ages and organofacies of these basins.
Asphaltene samples were pyrolyzed in a Rock-Eval system at multiple heating rates analysis for rigorous determination of the best Arrhenius constant and activation energy distribution. In fact, the analytical data were processed in both discrete and Gaussian models. The discrete model has two calculations: one with the best Arrhenius factor calculated and the other with the Arrhenius factor fixed. The Gaussian model also has two calculations: one with the first order reaction, and a second in which the best reaction order is calculated. Results are presented in tabular and graphical form showing the onset and peak generation temperatures.
The main results of this study, the bulk kinetics, describe the rate at which organic matter decomposes into hydrocarbons without any description regarding the yield or distribution of hydrocarbons. Only the integration of the kinetic distributions with petroleum system modeling tools allow the assessment of timing of oil generation, amount of losses and the available oil resources in a sedimentary basin.
Compared to other methods, kinetic of asphaltenes is a simple way to assess the petroleum generation characteristics of such broad petroleum system as the Greater Campos province.
Petroleum System Analysis & Exploration Risk Assessment
3D Petroleum Systems Modeling and Exploration Risk Assessment of the Southern Santos Basin
Southern Santos
This study is a 3D petroleum system modeling of the Shallow area of Southern Santos Basin, based on 12,932 Km of ANP 2D seismic data, geochemical data of oil and rock samples, and geological data of 17 wells. High-Resolution Geochemical Technology (HRGT) was applied in selected oil and rock samples containing organic-rich sediments aiming to identify and characterize the petroleum systems of the area.
IPEX, together with IES, developed a thorough 3D quantitative Petroleum System evaluation and exploration risk assessment of Southern Santos Basin. The methodology comprised a seismic interpretation phase from which were obtained eight depth converted horizons representing the main source rocks, seals and reservoir rocks ranging from Barremian to Miocene in age. A mass conservative restoration was applied to define the salt distribution through time in the modeled area.
These data were handled with 3D deterministic software from IES, PETROMOD (v 10), a compositional simulator widely recognized as the best modeling and integration tool for petroleum exploration. The modeling was fully calibrated with well maturity data, hydrocarbon shows, and geochemical analyses of 17 oil samples.
The integrated approach allowed the determination of the interplay between source rocks, reservoirs, seals and trap geometries. The simulation results enabled a considerable understanding of hydrocarbon generation, migration and reservoir filling history, hydrocarbon types and location of the accumulations in the Southern Shallow Santos Basin.
Petroleum System Analysis & Exploration Risk Assessment
3D Petroleum Systems Modeling Exploration Risk Assessment of the Deep and Ultra-Deep Waters of Northern Santos Basin (Santos Basin Mega-Cluster)
Mega-Cluster - Deep Water Santos
This 3D Petroleum systems modeling and exploration study comprises the areas of the original Cluster Blocks BM-S-8, BM-S-9, BM-S-10 and BM-S-11, offered during Bidding Round 2 of Petroleum National Agency (ANP). It encompasses the most important recent worldwide discoveries including the giant fields of Tupi and Iara and the successfully tested prospects of Bem-te-Vi, Guará, Carioca and Parati. Today, this province in Santos Basin is considered to be the most important frontier area of exploration.
IPEX-Petroleum, together with CGGVeritas and IES, developed a comprehensive exploration risk assessment of this area using 3D quantitative Petroleum System modeling. A complete 3D geological framework was built based on nine interpreted seismic horizons ranging from Neocomian to sea bottom. The model is also based on available ANP exploratory wells and heat flow knowledge derived from adjacent IPEX studies. The area is characterized by massive salt halite and complex stratified evaporites that required a careful salt restoration to honor basic geological characteristics of the basin evolution. A detailed facies model was constructed based on conceptual models derived from seismic interpretation, previous knowledge about the Brazilian rift geology and specifically on the data obtained from adjacent wells that penetrated this section.
The geophysical data used in this study are the most comprehensive 3D (30,000 Km2) seismic cluster ever surveyed in deep water Brazil. The modeling shows a number of leads associated with several reservoirs in the pre-salt.
The 3D model was processed data with IES/Schlumberger PETROMOD software (v 10), which is widely recognized as the best simulation and integration tool for petroleum exploration in the world. The simulations were performed with the Hybrid algorithm, computing the generation and migration of four pseudo-components, multiple phases, secondary cracking and source rock components tracked along the model.
This study provides quantitative predictions concerning oil/gas generation, oil/gas migration, charge time, temperature and oil quality in each of the mapped leads in the area. The risk assessment was obtained by running many versions of the same primary geological model while imposing slight variations in the characteristics of the elements of the petroleum systems, such as the source rock thickness, geochemical characteristics of the source rocks, reservoir qualities and sealing capacities of the main carrier beds.
Petroleum System Assessment of Brazilian Onshore Basins
An Exclusive Summary
The Petroleum System Summary of Brazilian Onshore Basins includes a collection of the most updated and complete petroleum system charts regarding the Proterozoic, Paleozoic and Mesozoic Brazilian Onshore Basins. The charts contain fully integrated geological geochemical and geophysical data available, to date, in the Basins. The study present a very detailed assessment of the habitat of petroleum ever put together in the Brazilian market. It includes public data, bibliographical data, IPEX proprietary data such as oil and gas analyses and petroleum system 2D modeling of key seismic sections. All the data is integrated in order to deal with all the elements and processes of the petroleum system approach. The study is the right venue for your company to select which Basin to proceed with more detail investingation.
The charts include a geological background chart, source rock chart, oil chart, gas chart, reservoir charts, traps and seals chart, generation, migration and preservation chart, and conclusions chart where all the exploration risks are mentioned. This product is considered a road map of exploration in Brazilian onshore basins through which every company will surely benefit of the summary information available for each basin.
The study product is available in paper, digital media and through a Web designed system and includes the onshore Amazonas, São Francisco, Recôncavo, Sergipe-Alagoas, Acre, Parnaiba, Parecis, Potiguar, Solimões, Tucano and Paraná basins.